Cosmic Call
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Cosmic Call was the name of two sets of interstellar radio messages that were sent from RT-70 in Yevpatoria, Ukraine in 1999 (Cosmic Call 1) and 2003 (Cosmic Call 2) to various nearby stars. The messages were designed with noise-resistant format and characters.[1][2]
The project was funded by Team Encounter,[3] a Texas-based startup, which went out of business in 2004.[4]
Both transmissions were at ~150 kW, 5.01 GHz (FSK +/-24 kHz).[5]
Message structure
[edit]Each Cosmic Call 1 session had the following structure. The Scientific Part (DDM, BM, AM, and ESM) was sent three times (at 100 bit/s),[6] and the Public Part (PP) was sent once (at 2000 bit/s),[6] according to the following arrangement:
- DDM → BM → AM → ESM → DDM → BM → AM → ESM → DDM → BM → AM → ESM → PP,
where DDM is the Dutil-Dumas Message,[7][8] created by Canadian scientists Yvan Dutil and Stéphane Dumas, BM is the Braastad Message, AM is the Arecibo Message, and ESM is the Encounter 2001 Staff Message.[6]
Each Cosmic Call 2 session in 2003 had the following structure:
- DDM2 → DDM2 → DDM2 → AM → AM → AM → BIG → BIG → BIG → BM → ESM → PP,
where DDM2 is modernized DDM (aka Interstellar Rosetta Stone, ISR), BIG is Bilingual Image Glossary.[5] All but the PP were transmitted at 400 bit/s[5]
The ISR was 263,906 bits; BM, 88,687 bits, AM, 1,679 bits; BIG was 12 binary images 121,301 bits; ESM 24,899 bits. Total = 500,472 bits for 53 minutes. PP was 220 megabytes and sent at a rate of 100,000 bit/s for 11 hours total.[5]
Error in Cosmic Call 1
[edit]The DDM incorrectly states the neutron mass as 1.67392... instead of the known value 1.67492... This error was corrected in DDM2.
Stars targeted
[edit]The messages were sent to the following stars:[9]
| Name | Designation HD | Constellation | Date sent | Arrival date | Message |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 16 Cyg A | HD 186408 | Cygnus | May 24, 1999 | November 2069 | Cosmic Call 1 |
| 15 Sge | HD 190406 | Sagitta | June 30, 1999 | February 2057 | Cosmic Call 1 |
| HD 178428 | Sagitta | June 30, 1999 | October 2067 | Cosmic Call 1 | |
| Gl 777 | HD 190360 | Cygnus | July 1, 1999 | April 2051 | Cosmic Call 1 |
| GJ 49 | HIP 4872 | Cassiopeia | July 6, 2003 | April 2036 | Cosmic Call 2 |
| GJ 208 | HD 245409 | Orion | July 6, 2003 | August 2040 | Cosmic Call 2 |
| 55 Cnc | HD 75732 | Cancer | July 6, 2003 | May 2044 | Cosmic Call 2 |
| HD 10307 | Andromeda | July 6, 2003 | September 2044 | Cosmic Call 2 | |
| 47 UMa | HD 95128 | Ursa Major | July 6, 2003 | May 2049 | Cosmic Call 2 |
See also
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ Oberhaus, Daniel (2019-09-27). Extraterrestrial Languages. MIT Press. pp. 99–104. ISBN 978-0-262-35527-8. OCLC 1142708941.
- ^ Dumas, Stéphane; The 1999 and 2003 messages explained, 2005
- ^ Chorost, Michael (September 26, 2016). "How a Couple of Guys Built the Most Ambitious Alien Outreach Project Ever, History of Cosmic Calls". Smithsonian.
- ^ "Team Encounter Mission: What Happened?". Astronomy.com Forums. Archived from the original on 2009-05-15. Retrieved 2009-03-02.
- ^ a b c d Braastad (Team Encounter, USA), Richard; Zaitsev (IRE RAS, Russia), Alexander. "Synthesis and Transmission of Cosmic Call 2003 Interstellar Radio Message".
- ^ a b c "Broadcast for Extra-Terrestrial Intelligence from Evpatoria Deep Space Center" Report on Cosmic Call 1999
- ^ "Bitmap". Archived from the original on 2007-05-12. Retrieved 2021-09-22.
- ^ "Image". Archived from the original on 2012-01-14. Retrieved 2021-09-22.
- ^ "Передача и поиски разумных сигналов во Вселенной". Archived from the original on 2012-02-10. Retrieved 2009-02-22.
External links
[edit]- Self-Decoding Messages
- Discussion of the Call's "Rosetta Stone" and how it was developed
- Report on Cosmic Call
- Evpatoria 2003 discussion with bitmap and image
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